Global CO2 emissions rise amid fossil fuel dependence

Global CO2 emissions are projected to reach 41.2 billion tons by 2024, despite significant efforts to reduce fossil fuel reliance.

The recent COP29 conference in Baku highlighted the urgent need for stronger climate policies as leaders like UK PM Keir Starmer reaffirmed commitments to greenhouse gas reduction.

Fossil fuels—coal (41%), oil (32%), and gas (21%)—remain primary contributors to emissions. China leads with 12 billion tons (32% of global emissions), followed by the U.S. (13%) and India (8%). Land use changes, particularly deforestation, are expected to add another 4.2 billion tons of CO2.

While Britain’s closure of its last coal power station marks progress, a global shift to renewable energy sources such as solar and geothermal is critical. Innovations like carbon capture and storage (CCS) could reduce industrial emissions by up to 90%.

To meet the Paris Agreement goals, immediate and substantial cuts in fossil fuel use are essential. Current trends indicate that without drastic reductions, global warming may exceed the 1.5°C target within six years.